Key Insights
The Europe Electric Space Heaters Market is poised for robust expansion, projected to surpass USD 3,500 million in size by 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 4.00% throughout the forecast period of 2025-2033. This growth is underpinned by several significant drivers, including the increasing demand for energy-efficient heating solutions in residential and commercial sectors, coupled with rising disposable incomes and a growing preference for modern, smart home technologies. The market's evolution is also shaped by trends such as the integration of IoT capabilities for remote control and optimized energy consumption, the development of aesthetically pleasing and compact designs that cater to modern interiors, and a heightened consumer awareness regarding the environmental impact of heating systems, driving the adoption of electric alternatives over traditional fossil fuel-based solutions.
Despite the positive outlook, the market faces certain restraints, primarily the fluctuating energy prices in Europe, which can impact the operational costs for consumers and businesses. The initial installation costs of advanced electric space heaters and the availability of alternative heating methods, such as central heating systems and natural gas heaters, also present challenges. However, the market is segmented into various types, including Convection Heaters, Radiant Heaters, and Other Types, with Convection Heaters likely dominating due to their widespread adoption and efficiency. Applications span Residential and Commercial sectors, with residential use expected to remain the largest segment. Distribution channels are diversifying, with both Online and Offline platforms playing crucial roles. Key players like Havells, Elvhis, and Stiebel Eltron are at the forefront, innovating and expanding their product portfolios to capture market share across major European countries like the United Kingdom, Germany, and France.
This in-depth report provides a holistic view of the Europe electric space heaters market, a critical segment within the European HVAC industry. Covering the historical period from 2019 to 2024 and projecting growth through 2033, with a base and estimated year of 2025, this analysis is essential for stakeholders seeking to understand market dynamics, growth drivers for electric heaters, and future trends in heating solutions in Europe. Our research delves into market size, segmentation, competitive landscape, technological advancements, and regulatory impacts, offering actionable insights for manufacturers, distributors, and investors. The report focuses on key segments including convection heaters, radiant heaters, and other types, across residential and commercial applications. Distribution channels, encompassing online and offline sales, are also meticulously analyzed. Discover the strategic imperatives for success in this evolving market.

Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Market Composition & Trends
The Europe electric space heaters market exhibits a moderately concentrated landscape, with a blend of established global players and specialized regional manufacturers vying for market share. Innovation is a key catalyst, driven by increasing demand for energy-efficient and smart heating solutions. Regulatory landscapes, particularly stringent EU energy efficiency standards and forthcoming carbon neutrality goals, are shaping product development and consumer adoption. Substitute products, such as gas heaters and central heating systems, present ongoing competition, although the convenience and localized heating capabilities of electric space heaters maintain their appeal. End-user profiles are diverse, ranging from homeowners seeking supplementary heating to businesses requiring targeted climate control in various commercial settings like offices, retail spaces, and industrial facilities. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity is anticipated to rise as companies seek to expand their product portfolios, geographical reach, and technological capabilities. For instance, strategic acquisitions could consolidate market share and introduce novel technologies, potentially influencing overall market value from xx Million in the base year to xx Million by the forecast period. Market share distribution is influenced by brand reputation, product innovation, and pricing strategies, with key players holding significant portions of the market.

Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Industry Evolution
The Europe electric space heaters market has witnessed a dynamic evolution over the study period (2019–2033), characterized by sustained growth trajectories fueled by increasing urbanization, rising energy costs, and a growing awareness of the benefits of localized and efficient heating. From 2019 to 2024, the market demonstrated a steady upward trend, with an estimated Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of approximately 4.5% during this historical phase. This growth was propelled by advancements in heating technologies, leading to the development of more energy-efficient and user-friendly electric space heaters. The adoption of smart features, including Wi-Fi connectivity, app control, and programmable thermostats, has significantly enhanced consumer convenience and energy management, further driving market expansion.
Technological advancements have been pivotal, with manufacturers continuously investing in research and development to improve heating element efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and enhance safety features. The introduction of advanced materials and design innovations, such as ceramic heating elements and improved insulation, has contributed to better performance and reduced operational costs for end-users. Furthermore, the shift towards renewable energy sources and the increasing integration of electric heating systems with smart grids are creating new avenues for market growth.
Shifting consumer demands are also playing a crucial role. Consumers are increasingly prioritizing comfort, convenience, and sustainability in their heating choices. The demand for electric space heaters that offer quick heating, precise temperature control, and a smaller environmental footprint is on the rise. The versatility of electric space heaters, catering to both residential and commercial needs, further solidifies their market position. The market size, estimated at xx Million in the base year of 2025, is projected to reach xx Million by the end of the forecast period in 2033, reflecting a CAGR of approximately 5.2% during the forecast period (2025–2033). This robust growth is underpinned by ongoing product innovation and a favorable regulatory environment encouraging the adoption of electric heating solutions.
Leading Regions, Countries, or Segments in Europe Electric Space Heaters Market
The Europe electric space heaters market is a multifaceted landscape, with dominance varying across regions and product segments. However, Germany consistently emerges as a leading country, driven by its strong industrial base, high disposable incomes, and a proactive stance on energy efficiency and climate change mitigation. The German market for electric space heaters is substantial, contributing significantly to the overall European market value. This leadership is bolstered by a robust demand for both residential and commercial applications, with a particular emphasis on energy-saving solutions.
Dominant Type Segment: Convection Heater The Convection Heater segment currently holds the largest market share within the "Types" category. This dominance is attributable to their widespread availability, relatively lower price points compared to some advanced radiant heaters, and their effectiveness in heating enclosed spaces evenly. They are a popular choice for supplementary heating in living rooms, bedrooms, and small offices.
- Key Drivers for Convection Heater Dominance:
- Affordability: Generally more cost-effective to purchase than high-end radiant heaters.
- Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of indoor environments.
- Ease of Use: Simple plug-and-play functionality.
- Energy Efficiency Improvements: Newer models offer significantly better energy efficiency.
- Key Drivers for Convection Heater Dominance:
Dominant Application Segment: Residential The Residential application segment is the primary revenue generator for the Europe electric space heaters market. Factors contributing to this dominance include the need for supplementary heating in homes, particularly in older properties with less efficient central heating systems, and the desire for localized temperature control in individual rooms. The increasing trend of smaller households and apartments also fuels demand for compact and efficient electric space heaters.
- Key Drivers for Residential Dominance:
- Supplementary Heating Needs: Addressing cold spots and providing quick warmth.
- Energy Cost Savings: Targeted heating reduces overall energy consumption.
- Comfort and Convenience: Easy to move and operate.
- Growing Number of Apartments and Smaller Homes: Ideal for space-constrained living.
- Key Drivers for Residential Dominance:
Dominant Distribution Channel: Offline While the Online channel is experiencing rapid growth, the Offline distribution segment, encompassing retail stores, appliance showrooms, and hardware stores, continues to hold a significant market share. This dominance is attributed to the consumer preference for physically inspecting products, seeking expert advice, and the immediate availability of these heaters.
- Key Drivers for Offline Dominance:
- Consumer Trust and Tangibility: Ability to see, touch, and assess product quality.
- In-Store Expertise: Access to sales assistants for recommendations.
- Immediate Gratification: Purchase and take home the product instantly.
- Established Retail Networks: Wide availability across European cities and towns.
- Key Drivers for Offline Dominance:
The market size for electric space heaters in Europe is projected to grow substantially. Germany's commitment to reducing carbon emissions, coupled with advancements in inverter technology and smart controls for electric heaters, will continue to propel the demand for these appliances. Other significant markets include the UK, France, and Italy, each with unique drivers influencing their consumption patterns.
Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Product Innovations
The Europe electric space heaters market is experiencing a surge in product innovations focused on enhanced energy efficiency, user convenience, and smart integration. Manufacturers are developing sleek, modern designs that seamlessly blend with contemporary interiors, alongside advancements in heating element technology for faster and more uniform heat distribution. Features such as advanced digital thermostats, programmable timers, child lock functions, and remote app control are becoming standard, allowing users to optimize energy consumption and personalize their comfort levels. The integration of AI and machine learning for intelligent temperature management, anticipating user needs and adjusting settings accordingly, is a key technological frontier. Performance metrics are continuously improving, with a focus on achieving higher heat output per watt of energy consumed and minimizing noise levels. For example, newer convection heaters are designed with advanced airflow systems, while radiant heaters are optimized for quicker, more targeted heat delivery, such as the Modine MEL Series mentioned later.
Propelling Factors for Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Growth
Several key factors are propelling the Europe electric space heaters market forward. Firstly, the increasing focus on energy efficiency across Europe, driven by stringent government regulations and environmental consciousness, favors electric heaters that offer localized and controllable warmth, reducing overall energy waste compared to less efficient central heating systems. Secondly, rising disposable incomes and a growing demand for comfort and convenience in both residential and commercial applications are significant drivers. Thirdly, technological advancements, including the integration of smart home technology and the development of more energy-efficient heating elements, are enhancing product appeal and performance. Finally, the volatile nature of fossil fuel prices and the growing reliance on electricity as a cleaner energy source further bolster the market's growth prospects.
Obstacles in the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Market
Despite robust growth, the Europe electric space heaters market faces several obstacles. High electricity prices in some European nations can be a deterrent for consumers concerned about operational costs, especially for prolonged use. Regulatory hurdles, although generally favoring energy efficiency, can also lead to compliance costs for manufacturers. Intense competition from alternative heating solutions, such as gas heaters, heat pumps, and central heating systems, remains a constant challenge. Furthermore, supply chain disruptions, impacting the availability of raw materials and components, can affect production and lead times, potentially hindering market expansion and impacting the price point from xx Million upwards for key products.
Future Opportunities in Europe Electric Space Heaters Market
The Europe electric space heaters market is ripe with future opportunities. The growing trend of smart homes and the increasing adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices present a significant opportunity for connected and intelligent electric space heaters. The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly heating solutions, aligning with Europe's green agenda, will drive innovation in energy-efficient models and those powered by renewable energy. The expansion of commercial applications, particularly in flexible office spaces, retail environments, and hospitality sectors requiring localized climate control, offers significant growth potential. Furthermore, emerging markets within Eastern Europe present untapped opportunities for market penetration and expansion.
Major Players in the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Ecosystem
- Havells
- Elvhis
- Tansun
- Inelco
- Stiebel Eltron
- DBK Industrial
- Opranic
- Ecaros
- LG Electronics
- Redwell
Key Developments in Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Industry
- May 2022: Roxell, a Belgian company, extended its convection heater offerings for poultry houses by introducing the Siroc Sterling Space heater. This closed-combustion Siroc space heater is designed to enhance vertical air circulation in taller poultry houses. This development highlights innovation in specialized commercial applications, focusing on improved air circulation and efficiency in agricultural settings.
- August 2023: Modine, a leading player in innovative heating solutions within the HVAC industry, unveiled its latest product line, the "MEL Series." This new electric infrared range is a high-wattage, commercial-grade, high-intensity electric infrared heater featuring power outputs ranging from 750 to 11,400 watts. This launch signifies a significant advancement in high-power commercial infrared heating, catering to demanding industrial and large commercial spaces, and enhancing efficiency with high output capabilities.
Strategic Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Market Forecast
- May 2022: Roxell, a Belgian company, extended its convection heater offerings for poultry houses by introducing the Siroc Sterling Space heater. This closed-combustion Siroc space heater is designed to enhance vertical air circulation in taller poultry houses. This development highlights innovation in specialized commercial applications, focusing on improved air circulation and efficiency in agricultural settings.
- August 2023: Modine, a leading player in innovative heating solutions within the HVAC industry, unveiled its latest product line, the "MEL Series." This new electric infrared range is a high-wattage, commercial-grade, high-intensity electric infrared heater featuring power outputs ranging from 750 to 11,400 watts. This launch signifies a significant advancement in high-power commercial infrared heating, catering to demanding industrial and large commercial spaces, and enhancing efficiency with high output capabilities.
Strategic Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Market Forecast
The strategic forecast for the Europe electric space heaters market points towards sustained and robust growth, driven by a confluence of technological innovation, supportive regulatory frameworks, and evolving consumer preferences. The increasing emphasis on energy efficiency and carbon reduction across the continent will continue to favor electric heating solutions. The integration of smart home technologies and the demand for personalized, on-demand heating will spur the development of advanced, connected devices. Opportunities in commercial sectors and the expansion into emerging European markets are expected to contribute significantly to market expansion. The market is poised to grow from an estimated xx Million in 2025 to xx Million by 2033, reflecting a compelling CAGR. Strategic investments in R&D, product diversification, and channel expansion will be crucial for market players to capitalize on these promising future opportunities.
Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Segmentation
-
1. Types
- 1.1. Convection Heater
- 1.2. Radiant Heater
- 1.3. Other Types
-
2. Application
- 2.1. Residential
- 2.2. Commercial
-
3. Distribution
- 3.1. Online
- 3.2. Offline
Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Segmentation By Geography
-
1. Europe
- 1.1. United Kingdom
- 1.2. Germany
- 1.3. France
- 1.4. Italy
- 1.5. Spain
- 1.6. Netherlands
- 1.7. Belgium
- 1.8. Sweden
- 1.9. Norway
- 1.10. Poland
- 1.11. Denmark

Europe Electric Space Heaters Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of > 4.00% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Continuous Cold weather in major cities of Europe driving demand; Increase in purchasing power of people with economic recovery post covid
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. Increase in Price of Electrical Appliances affecting demand; Supply chain disruption in Heating appliance affecting the market
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Increase In Residential Space Rising Demand For Electric Space Heater
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Types
- 5.1.1. Convection Heater
- 5.1.2. Radiant Heater
- 5.1.3. Other Types
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 5.2.1. Residential
- 5.2.2. Commercial
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Distribution
- 5.3.1. Online
- 5.3.2. Offline
- 5.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.4.1. Europe
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Types
- 6. Germany Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7. France Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8. Italy Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9. United Kingdom Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10. Netherlands Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11. Sweden Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12. Rest of Europe Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13. Competitive Analysis
- 13.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 13.2. Company Profiles
- 13.2.1 Havells
- 13.2.1.1. Overview
- 13.2.1.2. Products
- 13.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.2 Elvhis
- 13.2.2.1. Overview
- 13.2.2.2. Products
- 13.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.3 Tansun
- 13.2.3.1. Overview
- 13.2.3.2. Products
- 13.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.4 Inelco
- 13.2.4.1. Overview
- 13.2.4.2. Products
- 13.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.5 Stiebel Eltron
- 13.2.5.1. Overview
- 13.2.5.2. Products
- 13.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.6 DBK Industrial**List Not Exhaustive
- 13.2.6.1. Overview
- 13.2.6.2. Products
- 13.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.7 Opranic
- 13.2.7.1. Overview
- 13.2.7.2. Products
- 13.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.8 Ecaros
- 13.2.8.1. Overview
- 13.2.8.2. Products
- 13.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.9 LG Electronics
- 13.2.9.1. Overview
- 13.2.9.2. Products
- 13.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.10 Redwell
- 13.2.10.1. Overview
- 13.2.10.2. Products
- 13.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.1 Havells
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Types 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Distribution 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Germany Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: France Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Italy Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: United Kingdom Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Netherlands Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Sweden Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Rest of Europe Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Types 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Distribution 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: United Kingdom Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Germany Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: France Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Italy Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Spain Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Netherlands Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Belgium Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: Sweden Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Norway Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Poland Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Denmark Europe Electric Space Heaters Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately > 4.00%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market?
Key companies in the market include Havells, Elvhis, Tansun, Inelco, Stiebel Eltron, DBK Industrial**List Not Exhaustive, Opranic, Ecaros, LG Electronics, Redwell.
3. What are the main segments of the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market?
The market segments include Types, Application, Distribution.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Continuous Cold weather in major cities of Europe driving demand; Increase in purchasing power of people with economic recovery post covid.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Increase In Residential Space Rising Demand For Electric Space Heater.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
Increase in Price of Electrical Appliances affecting demand; Supply chain disruption in Heating appliance affecting the market.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
May 2022: Roxell, a Belgian company, extended its convection heater offerings for poultry houses by introducing the Siroc Sterling Space heater. This closed-combustion Siroc space heater is designed to enhance vertical air circulation in taller poultry houses.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 3800, USD 4500, and USD 5800 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Europe Electric Space Heaters Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Europe Electric Space Heaters Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence